Generating and customizing JUnit and Code Coverage reports with Ant

Recently, I had a hard time finding a solution for automatic JUnit and Code Coverage report generation within an Ant build. Nobody using good old Ant anymore?
Maybe generating these reports using Maven is piece of cake (I don’t know) but as I suppose there are still people who are using (or have to use) Ant, I suppose my solution might be interesting for at least some people.

Solution overview

• JUnit 4.1
• JUnit reports (HTML): Apache Ant 1.7.1 (included in Eclipse 3.7.2 helios) / Ant 1.8.3.
• JUnit reports (PDF): 1.0
• Code Coverage and reports: JaCoCo 0.5.6

JUnit tasks in Ant

JUnit tests can be executed using the Ant task junit.
The test results are output as XML files. This structured text data can then be transformed to some different format for the purpose of visualization. Eclipse, for instance, uses JUnit’s XML-output to create the notorious green and red bars. Of course, its also possible to generate a report from the “raw” test results. For this purpose, Ant provides the task junitreport, which generates a HTML-report. You can even choose if you prefer to have the report in a single HTML-file (e.g. if you intend to attach the report to an email) or using frames (which is more comfortable to read). If you are interested in generating PDF, you should have a look at the 3rd-party task junitpdfreport.
Both tasks use XSL to transform the XML files, so they can easily be customized.

Measuring Code coverage with Ant

One of the most popular tools for measuring code coverage is called EMMA. There also is a plugin that integrates EMMA in eclipse: EclEmma. Does that have anything to do with creating reports using Ant? Yeah! The EclEmma-guys created a code coverage library which features Ant tasks for measuring code coverage and for creating reports that visualize the results JaCoCo. How nice is that!

 

Measuring the code coverage with Ant and JaCoCo is as easy as it can be: Just wrap whatever JUnit tests you want to be know the code coverage about in the JaCoCo task, but don’t forget to declare the jacoco namespace in the build.xml file:

<project name="AntTestReporting-test" basedir="." default="all-test" xmlns:jacoco="antlib:org.jacoco.ant">
	<!-- ... -->

	<!-- Java Code Coverage -->
	<taskdef uri="antlib:org.jacoco.ant" resource="org/jacoco/ant/antlib.xml">
		<classpath path="lib/ant/jacoco/lib/jacocoant.jar" />
	</taskdef>

	<!-- ... -->

	<!-- Run all tests -->
	<jacoco:coverage destfile="${test.data.dir}/jacoco.exec">
		<junit printsummary="true" haltonfailure="false" fork="yes" forkmode="once">
			<jvmarg value="${xms}" />
			<jvmarg value="${xmx}" />
			<!-- <jvmarg value="${log4j.config}" /> -->
			<classpath refid="classpath.test" />
			<formatter type="xml" />
			<batchtest todir="${test.data.dir}">
				<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
					<!-- Exclude inner classes -->
					<exclude name="**/*$*.class" />
					<include name="**/*Test.class" />
				</fileset>
			</batchtest>
		</junit>
	</jacoco:coverage>
</project>

Note: Why forking the tests? This allows for passing JVM arguments to the tests, for example a special configuration of the logging-framework for testing purpose only. Also, Increasing the initial heap size (xms) as well as the maximal heap size (xmx) of the JVM that runs the tests in combination with running all tests in the same (forked) JVM (forkmode=”once”) reduced the time to perform the unit tests drastically (at least for me).

Let’s generate some reports!

Now, for the actual generation of reports, we need to import the Ant-build file for the PDF-reports (if necessary).

 

Then we can go ahead generating our reports.

 

Note that if you’re not interested in customizing the reports you can leave out the parameters for the styledirs, they aren’t mandatory.

 

For demonstration purpose, this code generates three different kinds of JUnit reports:

• HTML without frames (single file),
• HTML with frames (multiple files) and
• PDF

Usually, you might just need one of them.

<!-- PDF-Reports for JUnit -->
<import file="lib/ant/junitpdfreport/build-junitpdfreport.xml" />

<!-- Generate HTML report
- junit-noframes.html -> Single page HTML-report
- index.html -> HTML-report using frames (several files, but more comfortable to read)-->
<junitreport todir="${test.data.dir}">
	<fileset dir="${test.data.dir}">
		<include name="TEST-*.xml" />
	</fileset>
	<report styledir="test/etc/junitreport" format="noframes" todir="${test.reports.dir}" />
	<report styledir="test/etc/junitreport" format="frames" todir="${test.reports.dir}" />
</junitreport>

<!-- Generate PDF report -->
<junitpdfreport todir="${test.reports.dir}" styledir="../../../test/etc/junitpdfreport/default">
	<fileset dir="${test.data.dir}">
		<include name="TEST-*.xml" />
	</fileset>
</junitpdfreport>

<!-- Generate Code Coverage report
See: http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/ant.html -->
<jacoco:report>
	<executiondata>
		<file file="${test.data.dir}/jacoco.exec" />
	</executiondata>

	<structure name="AntTestReporting">
		<classfiles>
			<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
				<include name="**/*.class" />
				<!-- Exclude classes necessary for testing only from the code coverage report-->
				<exclude name="**/*Test*.class" />
				<!-- Exclude inner classes -->
				<exclude name="**/*$*.class" />
			</fileset>
		</classfiles>
	</structure>

	<html destdir="${coverage.reports.dir}" />
</jacoco:report>

Customizing reports

By now, our Ant build creates uniformly looking reports. But what if we want them to look differently? Or maybe we want to add some more information during the build? All this can be done by using different XSL-stylesheets.

 

To prove the point, we will generate a timestamp during build and include this in the title of the JUnit HTML and PDF reports.

 

As the JUnit-XML files contain all Ant properties defined during the build process. We will first create our timestamp and then extracted it from the XML during the generation of the reports.

<!-- Create the time stamp -->
<tstamp>
	<format property="lastUpdated" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" />
</tstamp>

What is left to be done is adapting the XSL-Sheets. In the above code examples we already have explicitly mentioned a path to the XSL files (the styledir attribute). A good way to start customization is to modify the sheet provided by Ant, for example this one. This sheet creates the multi-document HTML report with frames. The same applies to the customization of the single-document HTML and PDF reports.

Finally, let’s add the timestamp to the title:

junit-frames.xsl

<xsl:param name="TITLE">Unit Test Results. Build time: <xsl:value-of select="//property[@name='lastUpdated']/@value"/></xsl:param>

… and that’s it!

Result

How do the reports look like? I created a small demo project and generated the following reports:

• JUnit – HTML without frames (single file),
• JUnit – HTML with frames (multiple files) and
• JUnit – PDF
• Coverage – HTML with frames

Sources

To complete the picture, here’s the complete build script. Actually, the script is split up in two files, to keep things simpler:

• build.xml – contains the “normal” build
• build-test.xml – uses build.xml to execute the build and then builds and executes the tests, finally generating the reports.

You can pull the demo-project mentioned above from my github repository. It’s and Eclipse project but you should also be able compile it with Ant from the command line, like this:
ant -f build-test.xml.

BTW: Beware of this issue: this issue. I ran into this problem using win7 and either JDK6_32 as well as JDK7_03. I got rid of it by using Ant 1.8.3. To run an external copy of Ant from eclipse, all you have to do is executing the launch config located in the archive under launch/build-test-external.launch by right clicking on it > Run As > build-test-external.

build.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE project>

<project name="AntTestReporting" basedir="." default="jar">

	<!-- general -->
	<property name="DEBUG" value="true" />
	<property name="VERBOSE" value="true" />
	<property name="TARGET" value="1.6" />

	<!-- folder -->
	<property name="build.dir" value="bin" />
	<property name="src" value="src" />
	<property name="lib" value="lib" />

	<!-- classpath -->
	<path id="classpath">
		<fileset dir="${lib}">
			<include name="**/*.jar" />
		</fileset>
	</path>

	<!-- targets -->
	<target name="clean">
		<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
	</target>

	<target name="compile" depends="clean">
		<mkdir dir="${build.dir}" />
		<mkdir dir="${build.dir}/build" />

		<!-- Create the time stamp -->
		<tstamp>
			<format property="lastUpdated" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss" />
		</tstamp>

		<javac target="${TARGET}" debug="${DEBUG}" verbose="${VERBOSE}" classpathref="classpath" optimize="true" destdir="${build.dir}">
			<src path="${src}" />
		</javac>

		<fileset id="srcFiles" dir="${src}">
		   	<exclude name="**/*.java"/>
			<exclude name="**/*.html"/>
			<include name="**/*.*" />
		</fileset>

		<copy todir="${build.dir}">
			<fileset refid="srcFiles"/>
		</copy>

	</target>

	<!-- <target name="jar" depends="compile, test">  -->
	<target name="jar" depends="compile">

		<jar jarfile="${build.dir}/build/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${build.dir}">
			<manifest>
				<attribute name="Build-Time" value="${lastUpdated}" />
				<attribute name="Main-Class" value="com.some.pckge.SomeClass"/>
			</manifest>
		</jar>

		<!-- Remove contents of build dir after packaging -->
		<!-- <delete>
		   <fileset dir="${build.dir}">
		   	<include name="**/*.*" />
		   </fileset>
		</delete> -->
	</target>

</project>

build-test.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE project>
<project name="AntTestReporting-test" basedir="." default="all-test" xmlns:jacoco="antlib:org.jacoco.ant">

	<import file="build.xml" />

	<!-- PDF-Reports for JUnit -->
	<import file="lib/ant/junitpdfreport/build-junitpdfreport.xml" />

	<!-- Java Code Coverage -->
	<taskdef uri="antlib:org.jacoco.ant" resource="org/jacoco/ant/antlib.xml">
		<classpath path="lib/ant/jacoco/lib/jacocoant.jar" />
	</taskdef>

	<property name="test.build.dir" location="bin/test" />
	<property name="test.src" location="test" />
	<property name="test.data.dir" location="${test.build.dir}/testResults" />
	<property name="reports.dir" location="${test.build.dir}/reports" />
	<property name="test.reports.dir" location="${reports.dir}/junit" />
	<property name="coverage.reports.dir" location="${reports.dir}/coverage" />

	<property name="xms" value="-Xms256m" />
	<property name="xmx" value="-Xmx1024m" />
	<!-- <property name="log4j.config" value="-Dlog4j.configuration=file:/${base.dir}/test/log4j-test.properties" /> -->

	<path id="classpath.test">
		<pathelement location="${build.dir}" />
		<fileset dir="${lib}">
			<include name="**/*.jar" />
		</fileset>
	</path>

	<target name="compile-test" depends="compile">
		<mkdir dir="${test.build.dir}" />

		<javac destdir="${build.dir}" srcdir="${test.src}" includeantruntime="false">
			<classpath refid="classpath.test" />
		</javac>

		<fileset id="srcFiles" dir="${test.src}">
			<exclude name="**/*.java" />
			<exclude name="**/*.html" />
			<exclude name="**/*.xsl" />
			<include name="**/*.*" />
		</fileset>

		<copy todir="${test.build.dir}">
			<fileset refid="srcFiles" />
		</copy>
	</target>

	<target name="clean-compile-test">
		<delete>
			<fileset dir="${test.build.dir}" includes="**/*.*" />
		</delete>
	</target>

	<target name="test" depends="compile-test">
		<mkdir dir="${test.data.dir}" />

		<!-- Run all tests -->
		<jacoco:coverage destfile="${test.data.dir}/jacoco.exec">
			<junit printsummary="true" haltonfailure="false" fork="yes" forkmode="once">
				<jvmarg value="${xms}" />
				<jvmarg value="${xmx}" />
				<!-- <jvmarg value="${log4j.config}" /> -->
				<classpath refid="classpath.test" />
				<formatter type="xml" />
				<batchtest todir="${test.data.dir}">
					<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
						<!-- Exclude inner classes -->
						<exclude name="**/*$*.class" />
						<include name="**/*Test.class" />
					</fileset>
				</batchtest>
			</junit>
		</jacoco:coverage>

		<!-- Generate HTML report
			- junit-noframes.html -> Single page HTML-report
			- index.html -> HTML-report using frames (several files, but more comfortable to read)-->
		<junitreport todir="${test.data.dir}">
			<fileset dir="${test.data.dir}">
				<include name="TEST-*.xml" />
			</fileset>
			<report styledir="test/etc/junitreport" format="noframes" todir="${test.reports.dir}" />
			<report styledir="test/etc/junitreport" format="frames" todir="${test.reports.dir}" />
		</junitreport>

		<!-- Generate PDF report -->
		<junitpdfreport todir="${test.reports.dir}" styledir="../../../test/etc/junitpdfreport/default">
			<fileset dir="${test.data.dir}">
				<include name="TEST-*.xml" />
			</fileset>
		</junitpdfreport>

		<!-- Generate Code Coverage report
			See: http://www.eclemma.org/jacoco/trunk/doc/ant.html -->
		<jacoco:report>
			<executiondata>
				<file file="${test.data.dir}/jacoco.exec" />
			</executiondata>

			<structure name="AntTestReporting">
				<classfiles>
					<fileset dir="${build.dir}">
						<include name="**/*.class" />
						<!-- Exclude classes necessary for testing only from the code coverage report-->
						<exclude name="**/*Test*.class" />
						<!-- Exclude inner classes -->
						<exclude name="**/*$*.class" />
					</fileset>
				</classfiles>
			</structure>

			<html destdir="${coverage.reports.dir}" />
		</jacoco:report>
	</target>

	<target name="all-test" depends="test" />
</project>

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